In my understanding, the term "cooker" in British English indeed refers to a cooking appliance, similar to what might be called a "range" or "stove" in American English.
This appliance typically includes both an oven and stovetop burners on top. So, while "cooker" doesn't mean "oven" exclusively, it encompasses the oven as part of the whole appliance. The context of the British English listening exercise might have used "cooker" in a way that emphasized the oven function, which could explain why it seemed to specifically refer to an oven. This distinction in terminology between British and American English can indeed be a bit confusing at first.