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汉语拼音字母与国际音标对照表(Chinese ‘pinyin’ letters)

汉语拼音字母与国际音标对照表

声调

  一声阴平(<font face="Times New Roman">55</font>)、二声阳平(<font face="Times New Roman">35</font>)、三声上声(<font face="Times New Roman">214</font>)、四声去声(<font face="Times New Roman">51</font>)。

声母表

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

拼音字母

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

国际音标

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

拼音字母

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

国际音标

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

拼音字母

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

国际音标

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

b

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

  [<font face="Times New Roman">b</font>]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">g </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [k]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

s

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [s]

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

p

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

  [<font face="Times New Roman">b</font>ʻ]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">k </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [kʻ]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

zh

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [tʂ]

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

m

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

  [m]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">h </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [x]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

ch

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [tʂ]

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

f

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

  [fʻ]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">j </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [tɕ]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

sh

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [ʂʻ]

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

d

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

  [t]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">q </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [tɕʻ]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

r

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [ʐ]

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

t

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

  [tʻ]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">x </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [ɕ]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

y

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [j]

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

n

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

  [n]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">z </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [ts]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

w

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [w]

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

l

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

  [l]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">c </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [tsʻ]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

v

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [v]

</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

单韵母表(以下韵母为单用或只跟在辅音后)  

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

拼音字母

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

国际音标

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

拼音字母

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

国际音标

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

拼音字母

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

国际音标

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

a

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

  [Ą]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">e </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [ɣ]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">u </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [u]

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

o

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

  [o]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">i </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [i]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">ü </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

   [y]

</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

复韵母表

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

拼音字母

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

国际音标

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

拼音字母

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

国际音标

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

拼音字母

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

国际音标

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">ai </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[a<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">ing </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>ŋ]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">uai </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[uai]

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">ei </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[ei]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">ia </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>a]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">ui</font>(<font face="Times New Roman">uei</font>)

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[uei]

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">ao </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[ɑu]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">iao </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>ɑu]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">uan </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[uan]

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">ou </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[ou]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">ian </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>æ<font face="Times New Roman">n</font>]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">uang </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[<font face="Times New Roman">u</font>ɑŋ]

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">an </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[an]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">iang </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>ɑŋ]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">un</font>(<font face="Times New Roman">uen</font>)

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[<font face="Times New Roman">u</font>ə<font face="Times New Roman">n</font>]

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">en </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[ə<font face="Times New Roman">n</font>]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">ie </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>ɛ]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">ueng </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[<font face="Times New Roman">u</font>əŋ]

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">in </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>n]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">iong </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[yŋ]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">üe </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[yɛ]

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">ang </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[ɑŋ]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">iou </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[iou]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">üan </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[yæ<font face="Times New Roman">n</font>]

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">eng </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[əŋ]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">ua </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[<font face="Times New Roman">u</font>ɑ]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">ün </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[y<font face="Times New Roman">n</font>]

</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">ong </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[uŋ]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">uo </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[uo]

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

<font face="Times New Roman">ng </font>

</td> <td valign="top" width="72">

[ŋ]

</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

注意事项:

  ① 汉语拼音有一些缩写形式,在转换时应特别引起注意,应恢复成完整形式。如:ui是uei的缩写,un是uen的缩写,ü在j、q、x和y后写作u。

  ② 儿化标记:ɹ写在音节末尾,调值之前。

  ③ 元音严式音标记忆方法(只换其中对应的拼音字母)。

  a 的同一音位有5种:用[a]:<font face="Times New Roman">ai</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">an</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>a;用[Ą]:跟在辅音后或者单独使用;用[ɑ]:<font face="Times New Roman">ang</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">iang</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">uang</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">ao</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">iao</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">ua</font>;用[æ]:<font face="Times New Roman">ian</font>及及<font face="Times New Roman">yan</font>;用[ɐ]:儿化;

  o 的特殊标法:[uŋ]:ong;[yŋ]:iong;

  e 的同一音位有4种:用[ɣ]:跟在辅音后或者单独使用;用[e]:<font face="Times New Roman">ei</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">ui</font>;用[ɛ]:<font face="Times New Roman">ie</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">üe</font>;

    用[ə]:<font face="Times New Roman">en</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">eng</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">un</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">ueng</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">er</font>;

  i 的同一音位有3种:用[ɿ]:跟在z、c、s后;用[ʅ]:跟在zh、ch、sh、ri后;用[i]:跟在其它辅音后。

Nov 30, 2009 11:22 AM