I’ve looked up in Xin Hua dictionary新华字典,which is commonly recommended. Below are the basic usage of character 以, you could take these for reference on other examples: 1 以=by using, 用、把、将 , structure is by using sth. to do sth. 2 按照=according 3 因为=because, 不以物喜，不以己悲 4 to + some purpose,表示目的性， 以等待时机 5 而=and then, 梦寐以求 6 phrase:以内=inside,以外=outside/besides,以后=after,以前=before 所以=so, 可以=OK I suggest you to remember these structures: 以 sth. 为… = take sth. as …. ; 以 sth. 来做 = by using sth. to do I will divide your examples into different usages to let you understand systematically. Example: 1以揭疮疤为乐趣=take touching other’s sore spots as fun. 4 以红梅自况=以红梅自居=以红梅比成自己=take red winter sweet as herself, will this be easier to understand the 以 here? :) 5 以人民币为记账本位币=take CNY as the standard accounting unit. 2 以她的考分=according to her score, here 以=according 9 以个人好恶行事= act according to his own preference 3 以假乱真= by using the spurious to mix the genuine. 6 以种种理由贬责自己的丈夫=by using criticism to excuse her husband. 8 以光辉业绩激励我们= by using great achievements to inspire us. 10 以理服人=by using reasons to convince others. 7 here is the 以=meaning 4, = to + some purpose.以有力的回击=to attack forcefully Here are the answers to your questions beside examples: No.2: the meaning of 以 here = according. However, it will sound strange, if you replace it with 根据. So, we could use 凭借 is better than 根据 being used here. Eg: 凭借她的考分，绝对可以上个名牌大学。 No.3: the correct pause of this sentence is 印件/做得/很精细，简直/可以/以假乱真. 可以is a phrase, = can, 以假乱真is also a phrase, = by using the spurious to mix the genuine No.4: 以doesn’t mean “compare” here, it means: by using 用红梅来比成自己=以红梅自况

Wow, that's a really tough question to explain considering I'm not a pro in teaching Chinese, althrough I'm a Chinese, but I'll give it shot: 1. Your got it right on the mark. 2. Sure you can replace "以" with "根据" meaning "according to", but "为了" is clearly not a good option in this case, for "为了" means "for". Why "以" is the best bet? Well, with their corresponding translation, you can tell: 1) (以)With her results in the exam, she can definitely go that famous university. 2) (根据) According to her results in the exam, she can definitely go that famous university. You can also see that there is a tiny change of meaning with "根据", so "以" is definitely the best. 3. ""可以以"" is as a matter of fact two words "可以” and “以” here. Just as the translation shows, "可以" means "can", while "以" followed behind means "with". 4. No, "以" alone can never be a verb, so it's not "compare", it is more like the "to" in "compare to". If only you can say the sentence in this way "He always compares himself "with" the red wintersweet to show his revolutionary standpoint and determination.". 5. You got it right again! 6. Are you sure the translation is correct? Because from what I see here, the translation "She criticized her husband for making all kinds of excuses" has a different meaning from the original text, which is "她因为丈夫找诸多借口而批评他。” I would rather translate the original text "她以种种的理由贬责自己的丈夫" into "She criticized her husband with all kinds/sorts of excuses". So you can easily tell "以" is "with" here. 7. "以" also means "with" here, if I change the structure of translation a little bit, it may help you to understand: "The debaters from the opposite team attacked his opponent with an argument, forcefully, and convincingly". So the use of "以" here is actually the same as No.2, 3, and 6. 8. Well, the translation is actually not a literal one, it just got pretty much the gist. In fact the corresponding Chinese of the translation here is "革命先烈‘的’(equals "of")彪炳千秋的光辉业绩激励我们不断向前。If you translate the original one literally, it will be "The evolutionary heroes inspire us to move forward forever with their great achievements." 9. "以" means "according to" just like No. 2, and you can replace it with "with" as well. 10. Like No.8, it's not a literal translation, which should be "When debating, one must convince others with reasonable facts." OK, in a word, in most cases, when you are refering to "with” you can turn to "以", only a small number of cases, when you talking about "according to", "以" is your option. All right, quite a lot to type, here. More importantly, you got it?

Ok, 1.it isn`t 以。。。为 structure, 以 in this sentence means he likes touching others` score spot for interest. 2. we can replace 以 with 根据, can`t replace 以 with 为了 in this. Maybe for short, so, 以 is the best. 3.the double 以 cann`t be together. 可以 is a word, and 以假乱真 is a word. 可以 means "can", 以假乱真 means 4.No. In this sentencen,以 means second "to" in the translation. 5.Yes, you`re right. 6.ehhh. In this sentence. we can translate in this way, She made all kinds of excuses to criticize his husband.so, 以 means "to" 7.以 in here, can be ignored. 8.Revolutionary heroes used their great achievements to inspire us to move forward forever .so ,以 means "used" 9.yes, you`re right. 10.it can be used same to No.9. 以 in Chinese is so difficult, you must put yourself in different situation to learn different mean.

Hi Junjie, actually I want to practice my translation from your exercise, so I would like to know whether you translated all by yourself in your examples and practices, in other words could you please help me to judge whether all of the English translations are worthy to learn or not. Many thanks!