Dear Day,
Teja was originally the Spanish tile, made out of clay, the rounded one. Nowadays you may also use the word "teja" for asphalt shingles.
A Tejado would be used only for a roof made out of Spanish tiles.
A techo would mean generally the roof, even those made out of Spanish tiles. We could say also "un techo de tejas" instead of "tejado", it depends on the country. In my country, the word "tejado" is not normally used, we use instead "techo".
Saludos,
Antonio