There IS a definite difference.
'Range' indicates the variety. For example, 'a range of people' might suggest men and women of all different ages, backgrounds and abilities; 'a range of colours' means that an item is available in a number of different colours; 'a range of products' a wide choice of products of various prices and specifications. The word is often used to show an extent, say, from the smallest to the biggest e.g. a range of ages from 16 to 73, a range of prices from £30 to £100.
'Series' indicates chronological sequence. A TV series is composed of a number of episodes, shown in sequence, from the first to the last. If a sports team suffers a series of defeats, for example, this means that they lost several games, one after another. A series of events refers to a number of events which occured, one after the other.
In answer to your question "How about 'a range of products' and 'a series of products'?": 'A range' refers to the variety of products which are on offer at any one time. 'A series' would suggest that they launched one product after another, perhaps improving and modifying as they went along, and perhaps even withdrawing the earlier products as they bring out the subsequent one.
These words are not interchangeable.