Usually, they are quite different. Valuable means 'worth a lot'. It usually means 'worth a lot of money'. So, jewellery is usually valuable, rare coins are valuable.
Invaluable usually means 'very useful'. Having the right tool can be invaluable. Having someone help you when you are stuck is usually invaluable.
There are times when the words can overlap, when something is very useful, and therefore would be able to be sold for a lot of money.