Language learning can be exciting, but it often brings feelings of anxiety, especially when using the language outside the classroom. This fear, known as Foreign Language Anxiety, affects learners’ confidence and progress. Studies show that anxiety is particularly high when learners step outside structured settings like classrooms and apply their skills in real-world settings (Horwitz, Horwitz & Cope, 1986). However, practical strategies exist to help reduce this anxiety, making language learning a more enjoyable and natural experience both inside and outside the classroom.


What is Language Anxiety?

Language anxiety is a type of stress that happens when we learn and use a new language. Learners often worry about making mistakes or not understanding others, which can lead to self-doubt and frustration. Research shows that many learners feel this anxiety, especially when using the language in public or natural settings (Kráľová, 2016).

Imagine a learner, Mei, who is studying English. She feels comfortable in class but gets nervous when ordering food in English at a restaurant. Mei worries that she won’t understand the server or that her accent will make her hard to understand. This fear stops her from practising English outside of her lessons.

If you, like Mei, feel anxious, you’re not alone. Many learners experience this, but research suggests that practising outside the classroom and using certain techniques can make these situations less intimidating.


Self-Management Techniques to Reduce Anxiety

One way to feel more comfortable with your new language is to manage your learning step by step. Self-management means creating small, achievable goals and celebrating when you reach them. Recent studies show that learners who set small goals are less anxious and feel more confident using the language in daily situations (Hossain et al., 2023).

For example, instead of aiming to hold long conversations right away, Mei could start by practising simple interactions, like greeting people or asking for directions. These small tasks build confidence and help her take on bigger challenges in the future.


Practise Language with an Online Language Teacher

Another helpful way to reduce language anxiety is by practising with an online language teacher. Online lessons provide a supportive and low-pressure space to practise speaking without fear of mistakes. Studies show that supportive, one-on-one learning environments help learners feel relaxed and willing to try new skills (Hossain et al., 2023)​.

For example, Mei could take regular online lessons with a teacher who encourages her to practise real-life situations, like ordering food or asking for directions. This environment helps Mei feel less nervous because she knows her teacher will be patient and understanding. Practising online in a comfortable setting gives her the confidence to try these interactions in the real world.


Repeating Phrases and Expressions

A fantastic way to reduce language anxiety is through repetition. Practising common phrases, especially in simple conversations, makes them easier to remember and feel natural. Repetition strengthens memory, making it easier to recall these phrases in real situations.

Imagine another learner, Olga, who is studying English. When she orders coffee, she repeats the same expression each time: “Hello, a coffee please.” Over time, ordering coffee feels less intimidating because she has used the phrase often. Repeating daily phrases like these helps Olga feel more comfortable and builds her confidence to try new conversations​.


Using Focused Attention to Stay Calm

Focused attention techniques can help reduce language anxiety by encouraging learners to concentrate on the present moment rather than worrying about potential mistakes. Gregersen, MacIntyre, and Meza (2014) show that when learners use strategies to stay present, like focusing on their breathing or staying focused on what is being said, they experience lower anxiety and increased comfort in real-time interactions.

For example, before starting a conversation in English, Olga might take a deep breath and remind herself that it’s okay if she makes mistakes. This approach helps her focus on understanding and responding, instead of worrying about each word. By practising focused attention, Olga can enjoy the conversation and learn from it, rather than feeling nervous.


Focus on Progress, Not Perfection

Perfectionism often makes language anxiety worse. Instead of aiming to speak perfectly, focus on small improvements. Learners who celebrate their progress often feel more motivated and less stressed about speaking. Celebrating these small wins reminds learners of how far they’ve come and makes language learning more enjoyable (MacIntyre & Gregersen, 2012).

For instance, Olga might keep a language journal, writing down three achievements each week, like understanding a short conversation or using a new word correctly. By focusing on these wins, Olga builds a positive connection to language learning, making it less stressful and more rewarding.


Practical Tips for Practising Outside the Classroom

Here are some steps you can take to feel more confident using your language skills:

1. Set Small Goals: Start with simple tasks like introducing yourself or asking a basic question. As you gain confidence, gradually increase the difficulty.

2. Repeat Phrases Often: Practise key phrases that you can use in everyday life. Repetition will make these phrases feel natural and easier to recall in real situations.

3. Practise with an Online Teacher: Take lessons with a teacher who can help you practise real-life situations in a safe, low-pressure environment. This helps you gain confidence and learn without fear of mistakes.

4. Try Focused Attention: Before using the language, take a moment to breathe deeply and focus on being present. This can help you stay calm and communicate more comfortably.

5. Celebrate Your Progress: Keep a journal of small wins, like ordering a meal or understanding a new word. Focusing on progress rather than perfection will keep you motivated and lower your anxiety.


Conclusion

Practising a new language outside the classroom can feel challenging, but with self-management, low-pressure practice, and focused attention, you can reduce anxiety and gain confidence. Remember, each small step is progress. Over time, using your new language will feel more natural and enjoyable.


References

  • Gregersen, T., MacIntyre, P.D. & Meza, M. (2014) ‘The motion of emotion: Idiodynamic case studies of learners’ foreign language anxiety’, Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 4(2), pp. 193-213. 
  • Hauck, M. & Hurd, S. (2005) ‘Exploring the link between language anxiety and learner self-management in open language learning contexts’, European Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning, 2005(2).
  • Horwitz, E.K., Horwitz, M.B. & Cope, J.A. (1986) ‘Foreign language classroom anxiety’, The Modern Language Journal, 70(2), pp. 125-132. 
  • Hossain, K.I., Ahmed, I. & Mahmud, M.S. (2023) ‘English language anxiety in adult learners: Challenges and opportunities’, IUBAT Review, 6(2), pp. 158-183.
  • Kráľová, Z. (2016) Foreign language anxiety. Nitra: Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra.
  • MacIntyre, P.D. & Gregersen, T. (2012) ‘Emotions that facilitate language learning: The positive-broadening power of the imagination’, Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 2(2), pp. 193-213.