I am home /I'm home > Yes , you have just entered your house , and said that to let someone know. I am at home > I am in my house.
Get home > to arrive home . 'Get' here means 'to arrive at' . It took me 3 hours to get there.
back home > you must be away from your house , and you use 'back' to show a situation in reverse . We have lots of these back home ( you are somewhere else) I am back (at) home now ( if someone asked you where you were when you were earlier together , for example).
Come back home , please ( ask someone to come home) ; go back home ( telling a naughty boy playing outside) . Come home >someone is not at home , so you tell him to come back /home.. I still want him to come home to me / I want him to come back . Go home is just you wanting to go to your house ( only when you are somewhere . Use 'come' or "go" ,depending where you are when you are saying it . You go to your house , not home .
House is a physical building , Home is a noun , but its not physical , more emotional in meaning: its the place you live in without referring to the place , just somewhere you live . This house is small , but its still my home .He has many homes around the world