In Russian there is no one verb to convey the idea of studing - several different verbs are used, each with a distinct meaning and referring to a certain type of studying.
The verb изучать means to study in depth. It is a transitive verb, which means that it must have a direct object - you must be studying something , and it is something you study on a regular basis.
Я изучаю русский язык.
Мой брат изучает языки и математику.
The verb УЧИТЬСЯ is used when referring to the career of studying , of being a student ( at an institution)
Моя сестра учится в университете. Она учится хорошо.
The verb УЧИТЬ is used to convey the process of memorising (a rule/ words....)Also, it is very often used to denote the meaning of " to teach"
In your quewstion you have the perfective aspect of учить - ВЫучить. Prefix вы has the meaning of fully accomplished action . In your case выучить - to have something completely memorised.
учить - вЫучить
пить - вЫпить