Sure, the same.
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Put money aside, means that you have money and you save it,
"aside" here means somewhere safe, for later use, often for a specific purpose.
So the idea is saving, but for the future, or maybe something specific in the future.
The distinction is pretty much irrelevant to most things you would say.
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He has been putting money aside for this trip for years.
He has been saving his money for this trip for years.
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"Save" can be used to mean, not spend. So for this meaning, they are not equivalent.
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Save your money, I'll pay for the coffees. - ok
Put you r money aside, I'll pay for the coffees. - strange thing to say.
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There is also "save up".
He's been saving up for a car. The idea being save until you reach some target, up till you reach some target.