Part 1

Naka-bakasyon ako ngayon.  (Correct)

Tuwing umaga gumigising ako nang alas siyete y medya kasama ang asawa ko.  – Though we’d be able to understand what you mean, “kasabay ng” is the better phrase to use here than “kasama ang”.  Both phrases mean “together with”, but “kasabay” is “together, at the same time”, while “kasama” is “together, accompanied by”.   

Nagkakape, nag-aalmusal at nag-i-internet ako. – Said this way, we’d take it to mean that you are doing them simultaneously.  Also, we consider taking coffee in the morning as part of having breakfast.  Hence, to mention them as separate events would give us the impression that you have coffee first, then breakfast some time later on.  It then does not agree with the simultaneous sense of your sentence.  How we’d say it would be something like this:  “Nag-aalmusal ako/kami ng kape at (tinapay, cereals, kanin, or whatever) at sabay/kasabay na nag-i-internet ako.”  That would be your simultaneous-version of events.  Notice that I used “sabay” there for its “at the same time” meaning.   However, if your use of the Internet is after you’ve had breakfast, then the last part of your sentence should be “at pagkatapos ay nag-i-internet ako” or “at nag-i-internet ako pagkatapos”.       

Pagkatapos, naglalakad at naglalaro ako kasama ng aso ko. – It would be better to say “kasama ang aso ko” (together with/accompanied by my dog) because when you use “ng”, it sounds more like it’s your dog that is taking you for a walk. 

Si John ay nagpunta sa tindahan kasama (niya) ang nanay niya. = John went to the store with his mother/accompanied by his mother.   

Si John ay nagpunta sa tindahan, kasama (siya) ng nanay niya. = John went to the store, brought along by his mother/as a companion to his mother.

Pagkatapos, nag-aaral ako kasama ng titser kong Tagalog sa Skype. – If this sentence will have no contextual basis, it would mean that you, with/and your Tagalog teacher (or your teacher who is Tagalog) are studying something (else) via Skype. A clearer way to say this would be: “Pagkatapos, nag-aaral ako ng Tagalog sa teacher ko sa Skype.”  Here, “sa teacher ko” takes the “from my teacher” meaning. - Then, I am learning Tagalog from my teacher in Skype.

“Pagkatapos” (after/after which) has been rather overused above.  You may replace it with “pagkatapos naman (then after)/niyon (after that)/noon (after that time)”, “susunod/sumunod doon (following that)/naman (then following that)”, or “tapos” (accent on first syllable) (then/after) for variety. 

Paminsan-minsan nag-e-exercise ako, pero kadalasan tamad ako! -  You may get a smile if you were to use “i” before exercise.  Some may actually use “tamad” in your sentence, but “tinatamad” (to feel lazy) would be the correct word to use.  “Tamad” is the adjective “lazy”.  The difference is like the choice between using “estar” (estoy “tinatamad”) and “ser” (soy “tamad”) in Spanish.  I’m sure you meant it in the “estar” sense.      

Nagbabasa ako ng libro o naglilinis ako ng bahay ko.  -  We’d say this as “Nagbabasa ako ng libro o kaya ay/kaya’y naglilinis ako ng bahay.”  You need the “kaya ay” there to give the if-I-am-not-doing-this,-then-I-would-be-doing-that meaning to your sentence.  “O kaya’y” makes the “or” become “or otherwise”.  I think that even in English, having “or otherwise” there will make it closer to the idea you wanted to convey.  You may also omit the “ko” at the end as it is already understood.  And yes, as Green pointed out, using “ko” would mean that you exclusively own the house.     

ang umaga ko

This is my first attempt at using verbs in Tagalog. Any suggestions or corrections will be gratefully accepted!

Naka-bakasyon ako ngayon. Tuwing umaga gumigising ako nang alas-siyete y medya kasama ang asawa ko. Nagkakape, nag-aalmusal at nag-i-internet ako. Pagkatapos, naglalakad at naglalaro ako kasama ng aso ko. Pagkatapos, nag-aaral ako kasama ng titser kong Tagalog sa Skype. Paminsan-minsan nag-i-exercise ako, pero kadalasan tamad ako! Nagbabasa ako ng libro o naglilinis ako ng bahay ko.

<em>Actually this is perfect. :) I'd like to suggest though that you may use words and phrases like</em>

<em>Tapos, tapos niyon</em>

<em>Saka, saka naman (Also)</em>

<em>At saka (and also)</em>

<em>Sunod, sumunod (Next)</em>

<em>in place of "pagkatapos" to avoid repetitiveness.</em>

<em>*Also, I think it's more appropriate to use "namin" (our) instead of "ko" (my) (e.g. bahay namin) since you mentioned you have your husband by your side. ^_^</em>

ang umaga ko

This is my first attempt at using verbs in Tagalog. Any suggestions or corrections will be gratefully accepted!

Naka-bakasyon ako ngayon. Gumigising kami ng asawa ko ng alas siyete y medya ng umaga. Nagkakape, nag-aalmusal at nag-i-internet muna ako, pagkatapos, naglalakad at naglalaro ako kasama ng aso ko. Pagkatapos, nag-aaral ako kasama ng titser kong Filipino sa Skype. Paminsan-minsan nag-i-exercise ako, pero kadalasan tinatamad ako! Nagbabasa ako ng libro o naglilinis ako ng bahay ko.

Girl, you did a great job!

ang umaga ko

This is my first attempt at using verbs in Tagalog. Any suggestions or corrections will be gratefully accepted!

Nagbabakasyon ako ngayon. Tuwing umaga gumigising ako at ang aking asawa nang alas siyete y medya kasama ang asawa ko. Nagkakape, nag-aalmusal at nag-i-internet ako. Pagkatapos, naglalakad at naglalaro ako kasama ang aking aso ko. Pagkatapos, nag-aaral ako kasama ng titser kong Tagalog sa Skype. Paminsan-minsan nag-i-exercise ako, pero kadalasan tamad ako! Nagbabasa ako ng libro o naglilinis ako ng bahay ko.