[Following answer is a part of my explanation that I gave to one of my friends when she asked me similiar questions]
Unlike Enlish and other languages from similar origins, Ural Altai languages such as Korean, Turkish, Mogolian and Japanese all commonly have a typical way to express tense, question and respectfull attitude by means of adding suffixes right after the root of verbs.
For example, In English you can say "Where are you going?" to any family members, friends, teachers, neighbors and so on regardless of their ages, whether he is your husband, in-law, or your son. However in Korean, when a listener is older than, ranked higher than, or not close enough to a speaker, the speaker should add appropriate suffixes to show some respectful attitude while speaking.