When you put "get" next to an adjective, you're talking about the process of becoming that adjective. For example: "I get nervous when I have an exam". The exam is what is causing you to be nervous, it's a process.
However, if you use "be" you're talking about the state of mind, e.g. I am nervous because I have an exam. In that sentence you are already nervous, the feeling is inside you.
GET --> the cause, the process
BE --> the state, the result
Hope it helps! Feel free to ask me if you need more examples :)