"Electronic" refers to devices that control electrons with electric fields--originally vacuum tubes, now semiconductors. It includes amplifiers, oscillators, digital switching devices, microchips, etc.
"Electric" means that it isn't electronic but that it does use electricity. Motors, wires, magnets, relays, switches, incandescent light bulbs, nichrome wire in heaters, etc.
"Electrical" means having to do with electricity. "The short circuit started an electrical fire."
"Electronics" is an uncountable noun.
"Electronic" is an adjective.
There is no word "electronical," because we have the adjective "electronic."
There are adverbs, "electrically" and "electronically."
Nowadays of course there are electronics in almost everything, and word choice is sometimes just a matter of history. For example, "electric cars" couldn't exists without electronics. Why do we call them "electric cars" and not "electronic cars?" My guess is that it is because there were already "electric cars" in the 1890s, so the phrase already existed.