You are right, the past tense of "to choose" is "chose." "Choosed" is not a word. It is a mistake, or a typographical error, or possibly a joke.
Here are some correct uses of various forms of "to choose:"
In the winter, I look at the thermometer before I choose which jacket to wear.
This morning, it was 0° C so I chose a warm winter jacket with a hood.
That jacket was my choice.
I could have chosen my long down coat.
I don't care what brand of bread I buy, but I am very choosy about coffee--I only want my favorite brand and nothing else.