The stuff you want to learn is far more complex than you imagine. You have to go step by step with a language course. Even constructing "and" and "but" sentences in Japanese is something totally new. It can't be summarized in the short space here.

"Oshieru" = to teach "Oshiete" = teach me "Shiritai" = I want to know "Benkyou" = Study "Watashi ha eigo wo oshieru koto ga dekimasu" = I can teach English. "Nihongo wo motto benkyou shitai desu" = I want to learn more Japanese. "Nihongo wo oshiete kudasai" = Please teach me Japanese. "Watashi ha eigo ga hanasemasu node shitumon ga attara nandemo kiite kudasai" = I can speak English, so please ask me any questions if you have any. I'm not good with grammar, so I can't answer if "hanashite" is a gerund form or not. I'm sorry. Hope this helps.

As for your question about how to say, "teaching" and "learning" >.< there are many ways to say "learn" or "study" and there are many rules that go along with them... Here are a few words for "learn/study": 勉強する(benkyou suru), 学ぶ(manabu), 習う(narau), 学習する(gakushuu suru), 教わる(osowaru). As for teach/tell/say: 教える(oshieru), 伝える(tsutaeru), and 言う(iu). This website was very helpful for learning all the different ways and their differences. Check it out :) https://kawakawalearningstudio.com/all/japanese-grammar-to-study-to-learn/

There are many different ways to say "and" in Japanese, unlike English where there's just 1 word that can be used in ANY situation ^^ (very convenient). In Japanese, you have to use a different word depending on if you are connecting a series of NOUNS or VERBS or ADJECTIVES, etc. 1.) と or や "to" or "ya" are used to connect NOUNS and nouns only. You cannot use this to connect verbs or adjectives etc. For example: I like dogs & cats. いぬ と ねこ が すきです。 "ya" is a more formal version of "to" but they have the same usage. (I really only hear this in formal announcements. I would never use this speaking to someone.. but I could be wrong >.<) **You canNOT use it to connect verbs. Ex.) I swim and read books. We canNOT use と or や here. 2.) くて or で　is used to connect い and な ADJECTIVES. ex.) She is cute and cheerful. Here you must conjugate the adjectives "cute"(かわいい) and "cheerful" (げんき). But be careful because な-adjectives & い-adjectives conjugate differently. かわいい is an -adjective, so the final い is dropped and you add くて. giving you かわいい --> かわいくて げんき is a な-adjective, so just drop the な and add で げんきな　--> げんきで So, the sentence in Japanese would end up being: 彼女はかわいくてげんきです。 3.) て/で　used to connect VERBS (when describing actions done in order, 1st~, then~ next~) 4.) たり used to connect VERBS (when describing an incomplete list, not in any particular order) Not only are there many words for AND, but there are many many very particular, strict RULES and conjugations >.< Sorry if this wasn't very good explanation... I'm still learning myself >.< Good luck to you! ^^

For "but" there are several options to use... "でも" or "けど" (だけど、けれども、ですけれども). * でも "demo" Should only be used at the start of a new sentence. * けど"kedo" on the other hand can be used to connect 2 sentence and you cannot start a sentence with it. For example: I wanted to go for a picnic BUT it was rainy. In this sentence you would use けど"kedo". Sorry this isn't the best explanation >.< but it should give you a start on where to begin your studies. It's a little more complex than English...