1) when we express a kind of conjecture, they are the same:
他肯定在那里 = 他一定在那里 = he must be there. (I'm not sure)
in this case, 肯定 and 一定 are just like "must".
2) 我肯定会去中国 = 我一定会去中国:I will definitely go to China. In this case, they are still the same but it's not about conjecture. We can say they mean "definitely".
3) 肯定 can be used as an adj. It means positive. For example: 我不能给你肯定的答复:I can't reply you "yes".
一定/肯定 can be used as an adj. It means "for sure".
For example, 虽然我还不知道他是不是去中国了,但我知道他已经离开美国了,这是一定的/肯定的。--------- I don't know if he left for China, but I know that he has left from the USA, this is for sure.