Hi!
Sometimes, "current" and "present" mean the same, sometimes not.
I. As adjectives
A. If you mean "now", they are interchangeable :
- the present situation = the current situation
B. "Present" can mean "not absent, attending" (then "current" is impossible)
- he was present (= he was here)
C. "Current" can mean "ongoing", but also "popular, trendy, established" (then "present" would not be used)
- the current fashion trends (= the established, popular fashion trends)
- the current transactions (= ongoing transactions)
II. As nouns
A. "The current" can mean "drift of electricity" (e.g. alternative current) or "continuous movement of the water in a certain direction" :
- the current was very strong / he was swept by the current
B. "Present" means "gift" :
- He received lots of presents for his birthday.
"Current" comes from Latin via Old French. The word in modern French is "courant" (= running, flowing).
"Present" comes from Latin (prae + esse = to be before one) via Old French. In modern French "présent".
Have a nice weekend !