Actually, “to get married” is an expression using the passive voice with “get” instead of “to be”, so “married” is the passive participle. The difference between “they got” and “they have gotten” is the usual, as Claire has explained.
For example, if Michael and Michelle got married, the actor was actually the judge (captain of the ship, priest, etc.) who married Michael and Michelle (or married one to the other). Usually we're interested in the couple more than the judge, so we use the passive:
Michelle and Michael got married (by the judge, etc.).
Michelle got married to Michael. They are now married (to each other).
Note: Do not use the preposition “with” to talk about who is married to whom.