声调
一声阴平(<font face="Times New Roman">55</font>)、二声阳平(<font face="Times New Roman">35</font>)、三声上声(<font face="Times New Roman">214</font>)、四声去声(<font face="Times New Roman">51</font>)。
声母表
拼音字母
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">国际音标
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">拼音字母
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">国际音标
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">拼音字母
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">国际音标
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">b
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[<font face="Times New Roman">b</font>]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">g </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[k]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">s
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[s]
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">p
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[<font face="Times New Roman">b</font>ʻ]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">k </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[kʻ]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">zh
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[tʂ]
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">m
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[m]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">h </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[x]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">ch
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[tʂ]
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">f
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[fʻ]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">j </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[tɕ]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">sh
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[ʂʻ]
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">d
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[t]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">q </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[tɕʻ]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">r
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[ʐ]
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">t
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[tʻ]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">x </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[ɕ]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">y
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[j]
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">n
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[n]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">z </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[ts]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">w
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[w]
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">l
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[l]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">c </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[tsʻ]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">v
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[v]
</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>单韵母表(以下韵母为单用或只跟在辅音后)
拼音字母
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">国际音标
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">拼音字母
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">国际音标
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">拼音字母
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">国际音标
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">a
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[Ą]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">e </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[ɣ]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">u </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[u]
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72">o
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[o]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">i </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[i]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">ü </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[y]
</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>复韵母表
拼音字母
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">国际音标
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">拼音字母
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">国际音标
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">拼音字母
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">国际音标
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">ai </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[a<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">ing </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>ŋ]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">uai </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[uai]
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">ei </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[ei]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">ia </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>a]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">ui</font>(<font face="Times New Roman">uei</font>)
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[uei]
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">ao </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[ɑu]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">iao </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>ɑu]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">uan </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[uan]
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">ou </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[ou]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">ian </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>æ<font face="Times New Roman">n</font>]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">uang </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[<font face="Times New Roman">u</font>ɑŋ]
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">an </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[an]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">iang </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>ɑŋ]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">un</font>(<font face="Times New Roman">uen</font>)
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[<font face="Times New Roman">u</font>ə<font face="Times New Roman">n</font>]
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">en </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[ə<font face="Times New Roman">n</font>]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">ie </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>ɛ]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">ueng </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[<font face="Times New Roman">u</font>əŋ]
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">in </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>n]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">iong </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[yŋ]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">üe </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[yɛ]
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">ang </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[ɑŋ]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">iou </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[iou]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">üan </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[yæ<font face="Times New Roman">n</font>]
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">eng </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[əŋ]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">ua </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[<font face="Times New Roman">u</font>ɑ]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">ün </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[y<font face="Times New Roman">n</font>]
</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">ong </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[uŋ]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">uo </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[uo]
</td> <td valign="top" width="72"><font face="Times New Roman">ng </font>
</td> <td valign="top" width="72">[ŋ]
</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>注意事项:
① 汉语拼音有一些缩写形式,在转换时应特别引起注意,应恢复成完整形式。如:ui是uei的缩写,un是uen的缩写,ü在j、q、x和y后写作u。
② 儿化标记:ɹ写在音节末尾,调值之前。
③ 元音严式音标记忆方法(只换其中对应的拼音字母)。
a 的同一音位有5种:用[a]:<font face="Times New Roman">ai</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">an</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">i</font>a;用[Ą]:跟在辅音后或者单独使用;用[ɑ]:<font face="Times New Roman">ang</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">iang</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">uang</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">ao</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">iao</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">ua</font>;用[æ]:<font face="Times New Roman">ian</font>及及<font face="Times New Roman">yan</font>;用[ɐ]:儿化;
o 的特殊标法:[uŋ]:ong;[yŋ]:iong;
e 的同一音位有4种:用[ɣ]:跟在辅音后或者单独使用;用[e]:<font face="Times New Roman">ei</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">ui</font>;用[ɛ]:<font face="Times New Roman">ie</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">üe</font>;
用[ə]:<font face="Times New Roman">en</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">eng</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">un</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">ueng</font>、<font face="Times New Roman">er</font>;
i 的同一音位有3种:用[ɿ]:跟在z、c、s后;用[ʅ]:跟在zh、ch、sh、ri后;用[i]:跟在其它辅音后。