Although both words can be used synonymously, I'm not sure how one can show more fear than the other. It's not a defined scale of fear, you understand; just different words describing the same thing from different angles.
Look at the meanings of the words themselves: 'terrified' of course means you're a victim of, or are filled with, terror. 'Petrified' is more figurative: you are so scared you are 'turned to stone', ie. cannot move. From the Greek for 'stone', "petros".