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Your question should be written this way:
What's the difference between renowned and famous?
'Renowned' (adjective) means: having a widespread, especially good, reputation; famous.
e.g., Beijing University is renowed for it's high standards.
e.g., Some very rich people are renowed for their financial gifts to support and help organizations and charities.
'Famous' is a synonym of renowed, and vice versa.
Famous (adjective) means: known to or recognized by many people; renowned.
e.g. She is a famous singer.
e.g. Some people are famous, but they are only famous for one day.
e.g. I would rather be renowned for doing good things and helping people, than for doing something that did not help anyone.
The adjective 'renowed' is used in special circumstances/situations.
It is a slightly higher form of the adjective famous.
'Famous' is a commonly used word.
If someone is well-known by many people, then the adjective 'famous' would be correct and would be used 90% of the time.
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English has a word for people who become famous (i.e. well-known) because they did something bad. That word is "infamous", which means:
1. having a bad reputation; notorious
2. causing or deserving a bad reputation; shocking: infamous conduct.
e.g. Every country has some infamous citizens, usually people who's actions were cruel or evil, and they have hurt other people.
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