'For' can be used exactly in the sense of 'because' but it is rather literary.
Honestly,either could be the answer.
'Because' is the most natural choice. It is not usually preceded by a comma, suggesting it is not the correct answer here. However, the comma could be used to avoid ambiguity.
'For' is possible but is very rare in this sense and is only really used in very literary texts. However, this sentence does sound like it could come from such a text.
To be honest, this is not a great question because, for various reasons, either is possible.
Generally, use 'because' as a conjunction to introduce reasons. It is by far the most common and natural way to do it.
'For' can be used in this way but it is very rare. Think if it as something to understand rather than use.