Hi Daniela,
These are terms in (particularly American) English used to talk about the kind of job someone has — whether the job requires a university degree or not, whether it is done in a factory or in an office, and how much physical work it takes.
A white collar job (traditionally) requires a university degree and sitting behind an office desk. A blue collar job (traditionally) needed a high school diploma only and took place in a factory with a lot of physical work.
Americans prefer to talk about class in very indirect ways, and this is one example. Someone is a type of worker because of what type of job they do.