"Though" and "although" are both subordinating conjunctions that are used to introduce a subordinate clause expressing a contrast or concession. While they have similar meanings and functions, there are slight differences in their usage. "Though": "Though" is a more informal and common way of expressing contrast. It is often used at the beginning or end of a sentence. Example: "I wanted to go for a walk, though it was raining outside." "It was a challenging task, but we managed to complete it, though." "Although": "Although" is slightly more formal and is used in both formal and informal contexts. It is typically used at the beginning of a sentence. Example: "Although it was raining outside, I wanted to go for a walk." "Although it was a challenging task, we managed to complete it." In terms of meaning, both "though" and "although" introduce a contrasting or concessive idea. They imply that there is some unexpected or opposite information that follows. The main clause that follows these conjunctions often expresses a contrast to what is stated in the subordinate clause. Overall, the choice between "though" and "although" depends on the context and the level of formality. Both can be used interchangeably in most situations, but "although" is generally considered slightly more formal.

Great question. The words seem superficially the same. In most cases you could substitute one for the other without causing any trouble. But ... they are different. "Although" is a firmer, stronger word. It feels natural, for instance, to start a sentence with "although" whereas "though" doesn't work as well for that purpose. For example: "Although we're allowed to swim in this river, I don't think it would be a good idea" is a good strong sentence but the same sentence with "though" sounds weak (though not wrong). "Though" works better for afterthoughts, minor reservations, parenthetical observations, and wishy-washy thinking. "Although" works better when you really have something you want to say.

They're conjunctions that need to be followed by clause with a noun and a verb. The clause with the conjunction can go at the start of the sentence and be followed by the independent clause, or you can reverse the order.

I'd use although at either the start or middle of the sentence. Though can only be used in the middle.