Knowledge is power
Meaning: the more one knows, the more one can manipulate one's environment to get what one wants.

Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise
Meaning: Getting plenty of sleep (by going to bed early) certainly helps the body remain healthy. Getting up early and getting a "head-start" on one's studies or work, certainly makes wise or wealthy (respectively). But, this proverb presupposes that one does not squander one's time or money.

A mind is a terrible thing to waste
Meaning: this can be called an adage, because of the inherent metaphor. The metaphor is:
In fact, the mind is an abstract thing. It cannot be touched, nor heard, nor seen. It is only perceivable by the owner. Descartes's observation: "I think, therefore I am," is about the mind. Only the mind can think. Giving up one's education, is often considered to be "wasting" one's mind, or in other words: not using one's mind in a worthy manner.

Two heads are better than one.
Meaning: Two minds (working together) are better than one mind (working alone).

Make hay while the sun shines.
Meaning: it is a metonymy. "Making hay" is a task, which represents any/all tasks. "While the sun shines" means while the opportunity is there.

Time is money.
Meaning: This is clearly a metaphor. Time is equated with money. The idea being conveyed here is that through the consumption of time (and work), one can make money. The implication is: "don't waste time."

Another day, another dollar
Meaning: Another day of work means another (some) dollar(s) in my pocket.