VA bene means "IT'S alright", "va" comes from the way "indicativo presente" of the verb "go" ("andare") and it means something that is appening in the present, or in the moment in which you say that action.
"Vada" is "congiuntivo" , and usually it's used for saying the finality and the purpose of some action, for example: Spero che vada bene (I hope it goes well).
(And the same with a negative action)
I don't know if it's clear, and sorry for mistakes!