Electric is more commonly used than electrical to describe a device that works by electricity or is involved in producing or carrying electricity: an electric oven; an electric socket.Electrical is applied to more general things and to areas of study or activity that are concerned with electricity: electrical appliances;electrical engineering.Electric is the choice in the figurative meaning "tense or excited": The atmosphere at the meeting was electric.
Here's my general understanding:
electric = runs on electricity, electronic (specific term) [electric car, electric fan, electric appliance, etc. Also metaphorically: exciting, energetic]
electrical = having to do with/concerning electricity (broader term) [electrical engineer, electrical wiring, electrical tape, electrical shortage, electrical energy, etc.]
I'm sure there are many exceptions, of course. One that springs to my mind is "electric company" for the organization that runs a power-plant. Sometimes the two words may be used interchangeably, as "electrical/electric shock".