"The house opposite mine" means the house on the opposite side of the road, directly (or nearly directly) across from yours. "The house in front of mine" isn't really used - if anything, it suggests a house someone has built in your front garden, blocking your view! To refer to a house on the same side of the street, you would say something like "the house next door" (if it is the house immediately before or after yours as you walk along the street) or "the house down [or "along"] the street from mine" or "a few doors down from mine" if you want to be more specific.

In American English, I don't think you would typically say, "in front of" referring to my house and the location of other houses, unless they were directly in front and back of each like a line. There are houses that are side by side, which are next to each other, left and right, but not usually front and back. If you are talking about a house that is "opposite" my house, instead of saying that it's opposite, I would say "Jessica's house is across the street from mine". Or "there is a mailbox in front of my house", but you wouldn't normally say "her house is in front of my house". It would be, "her house is across the street from my house". Or "the nearest street is in front of my house" When you say in front of you mean directly in front of whatever you are talking about, so extremely close proximity. I hope that makes sense!?!

'In front of' suggests that the houses are standing in a queue, one behind the other! If it helps, try to remember that 'in front of' is the opposite of behind.

In a typical row of houses, I don't think there is a house that's in front of yours. Your lawn is in front of your house, as are your driveway and your mailbox. There could be a house before yours, if you were giving someone directions how to get to your house. One house would be before yours and the other after, relative to the direction they are coming from. The house opposite yours is across the road, correct.