Hola!
Your guess is pretty correct, disculpe has a much more polite sense and it's directed to a particular person who you treat with due respect. However, Perdon is a more generic term to refer to general public or even a person. It's similar to use Sorry in English. Hope it makes sense.
BTW Gyan I'm looking for someone to do a Tandem in French. If you know anyone who wants to practice Spanish or English. in exchange of French please do let me know.