We can say 'good' (=high quality), 'healthy' or 'nutritious' food, 'food with high nutritional value', 'wholesome' food (= good for your health).
Rich' food means 'containing a lot of fat, butter, eggs, oil etc. and making you feel full quickly', so you should not use it here if you want to talk about food that is good for health.
However, you can say 'I eat food rich in vitamins' to show that it is healthy and nutritious.
You can also say 'balanced diet' (=one with the quantity and variety of food needed for good health).
You can also say 'gourmet food'. (= of high quality and often expensive)
Concerning the adjective 'abundant', we can use it here to mean that there is food more than enough or sufficient, but we can also use 'enough' or 'adequate' here.
'Adequate amount of nutritious or healthy or wholesome food'
'Enough nutritious food (breakfast) to go round. (= to be enough for everyone to have some)
'Enormous / vast / huge quantities of nutritious food.'
'Nutritious food enough for everyone.'
'A BIG nutritious breakfast.'
'A hearty (=large; making you feel full) breakfast.'