喔、哦、噢 can also be used for that, but there are differences:
喔: The dictionaries say it signifies surprise, sudden realization or anguish. Personally I see it more often used at the end of sentences as a modal word (an effeminate way of ending a sentence)
哦: when pronounced 2nd tone, expresses surprise and disbelief; when pronounced 4th tone, means "Oh, I see now."
噢: When I suddenly realize I did something wrong or I've forgot to do something I'll use this word but not the other three, because it has some sense of regret and disappointment. It's also use for surprise in general.
In fact the choice of these words may just be a personal habit. Each of my friend stick to their own favorite one when sending SMS, and I understand them even I myself would use another... So no need to really distinguish them seriously