"The food tasted delicious" and "the food tasted good" are the usual, straightforward ways to say it. They are fine. Don't look for anything fancier.
Of course you can use more intense synonyms for "good"--"the food tasted wonderful."
There are others but they all have shades of meaning, and "registers" and I wouldn't try to use them--and there's no need to.
"That was a very tasty meal" is a little informal. You might use it for a snack. If you were invited to a home-cooked meal by a friend you probably would not say "that was tasty."
The word "savory" is a cognate of "saboroso" but you'd use it as an adjective, it's a little elevated, and it specifically suggests being "salty." I wouldn't use it in conversation. Someone might describe a formal banquet by saying "the table was covered with a vast array of savory dishes." You'll have to check with a UK speaker but in the UK I think there is also a noun, "the savory," for a course of a formal dinner consisting of something salty.
You can say "mouth-watering."
It's sort of an informal joke word, but you can say "scrumptious." "That was a wonderful dinner, the turkey was delicious, and the sweet potatoes with marshmallows were just scrumptious." It is probably a word that would be used by a woman, rather than a man.
And there is "delectable."