I think that usage of these phrases may differ in American English as compared to British English. In American English: 1) “Good day” is rarely used by itself, but is commonly used when saying goodbye to someone: “Have a good [great] day!” I believe that “Good day” by itself may be used in British English in the “goodbye” situation. 2) “Good afternoon” in American English is only used as a greeting (when saying “hello”), not when saying “goodbye.”