Nachdem: this conjunction expresses anteriority: Nachdem ich gegessen hatte, legte ich mich hin. After I had food, I took a nap.
Nach: as a preposition it expresses a certain aim: Ich fahre nach Indien. I go to India. Used as well temporal: Nach dem Abendessen. After dinner. ('nach' can be used as an adverb as well, but this is probably not what you are looking for)
Danach: temporal: Eine halbe Stunde danach kam er wieder. He came again after half an hour.
Other usage: Die Eltern gingen voran, danach kamen die Kinder. The parents went ahead, the children followed (came after them).