Usually, “to search for something” means “to seek something”.
We search a place for a something:
He searched the whole neighborhood for his dog.
If we already know about the dog, we can say simply, “He searched the whole neighborhood.”
Alternatively:
He searched for his dog in the whole neighborhood.
Sometimes, the word “for” is used with it’s literal meaning along with “search”, to introduce the equivalent of an indirect object:
She searched the whole neighborhood for her neighbor, who was out of town.
In the last example, she was attempting to find her neighbor’s dog, since her neighbor was away and couldn’t do so. Theoretically, we could say:
She searched for her neighbor’s dog in the whole neighborhood for her neighbor, who was out of town.
Also theoretically possible (but definitely *not* recommended):
She searched the whole neighborhood for her neighbor’s dog for her neighbor, who was out of town.