Hi there. I used caps for some letters below to stress the throaty sound you need for it to sound right in Arabic.
In general, to ask someone how old they are:
For a male, you would ask "kam Umruk?" كم عمرك؟
For a female, you would ask "kam Umruki?"
In response, you would say "Umree (#) sanah" عمري (#) سنة
Note: In some Gulf countries, instead of saying "kam" you would say "cham". This is common for other words as well e.g. "kalb" = "chalb" for dog.
In general, to ask someone how they are doing:
"kayf il Haal" كيف الحال؟
Note: This can be used in any Arabic speaking country. Each country has it's own dialect, so in Egypt you are more likely to hear "zayik" or in the Gulf you may hear "kayfik", or even "shloonek" (m) or "shloonech" (f) - directly translates to "what colour are you?" :)