You would just say 'It's 30 degrees'. Or, if it's clear that the conversation is about the temperature, you could simply say 'It's 30'. For example, you'd say "It's a bit cooler today, isn't it? It must've been about thirty yesterday."
We wouldn't use 'plus' at all, because it generally goes without saying that you're talking in positive figures.
By the way, it also goes without saying that you're talking in degrees Celsius. Nobody uses Fahrenheit apart from the USA, so only Americans feel the need to specify 'Celsius'. Everyone else assumes that temperature is measured in Celsius,so there's generally no need to add this.